The scientific questions of this axis are based on the problem of molecular interactions between the parasite and the host which has notably enabled our unit to be strongly involved in vaccine research against the complications of malaria. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in these interactions will help to develop optimal vaccine approaches and to understand the factors that can influence the response of populations to these vaccines. To do this, the characterization of parasites, the study of host factors, in particular the immune response, and certain plasma biomarkers of severity will be addressed.
Our experience and presence in the field also allow the study of the determinants of the encounter between the host and the pathogen by taking into account the environment, which can lead to the identification of new targets of therapeutic interest. The environment as such is not an object of study. However, in the case of infectious diseases, taking into account the environment close to individuals (village, dwelling, etc.) and behaviors (use of mosquito nets, taking treatment against the pathologies studied, daily activities, etc.) is essential to measure the risk of contact with the pathogen and therefore correctly assess and target prevention and control measures.
To study this dynamic, four themes, centered on infections, are developed: (1) infections in pregnant women; (2) infections in children and non-immune adults in tropical environments (3) vaccine development and therapeutic approaches and (4) pathogen reservoir and exposure risk measurement.
Finally, the thematic opening towards non-communicable diseases in connection with pollutants and global warming also finds its place in this thematic axis through epidemiological studies and adapted biostatistical approaches.
